Quantum Efficiency Tester
PL/EL Integrated System
PV-Reflectumeter
3D Confocal Microscope
In-Line Four Point Probe Tester
Four Point Probe Tester
In-Line Thin Film Thickness Tester
Raman Spectrometer
FTIR Spectrometer
Spectrophotometer
Automatic Spectroscopic Ellipsometer
Contact Resistance Tester
Ultra depth of field 3D microscope
Auto Visual Tester
VMM PV Vision Measuring Machine
Solar Cell Horizontal Tensile Tester
Steady State Solar Simulator for Solar Cell
Solar Cell UV Aging Test Chamber
Solar Cell Comprehensive Tensile Tester
Visual Inspection Tester
Wet Leakage Current Tester
PV Module EL Tester
PV Module UV Preconditioning Chamber
Steady State Solar Simulator for PV Module
Current Continuous Monitor
Potential Induced Degradation Test
Bypass Diode Tester
LeTID Test System
Reverse Current Overload Tester
Impulse Voltage Tester
Hipot Insulation Tester
Ground Continuity Tester
Hipot Insulation Ground Tester
Damp Heat Test Chamber
Humidity Freeze Test
Thermal Cycle Test Chamber
Dynamic Mechanical Load Tester
Static Mechanical Load Tester
Hail Impact Tester
Robustness of Termination Tester
Module Breakage Tester
Cut Susceptibility Tester
Peel Shear Strength Tester
Universal Testing Machine (Single-arm)
Universal Testing Machine (Double-arm)
Glass Transmittance Tester
Acetic Acid Test Chamber
EVA Degree of Crosslinking Test System
Junction Box Comprehensive Tester
Drop ball tester
Semi-automatic scanning four-probe tester
Stylus Profilometer
Maximum Power Point Tracker
Perovskite Glass Transmittance Tester
Perovskite P1 Laser Scribing Multifunctional Testing Machine
Perovskite Online PL Tester
Perovskite Online Sheet Resistance Tester
Online Perovskite Film Thickness Tester
Perovskite Process Inspection Workstation
Portable IV Curve Tester
Portable EL Tester
Portable Thermal Imaging Tester
Solar Module Multi-Channel Testing System
PV Inverter Power Quality Tester
Drone EL Tester
FTO Glass/ITO-Coated Glass
In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), FTO glass (fluorine-doped tin oxide) and ITO-coated glass (indium-doped tin oxide) are two widely used transparent conductive oxide (TCO) substrates. They serve as the front electrodes, enabling light transmission and efficient collection of electrons/holes.
FTO Glass: Typically fabricated via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or spray pyrolysis, offering high transparency, thermal stability, and surface roughness. ITO-Coated Glass: Prepared by sputtering or electron-beam evaporation, characterized by superior conductivity, high transparency, and smooth surfaces.
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Go to Product CenterAnode Buffer Layer (Hole Transport Layer, HTL)
The HTL is a critical functional layer connecting the perovskite absorber to the metal electrode. Its roles include: Efficient extraction and transport of holes from the perovskite layer. Blocking electrons to minimize recombination losses. Energy level alignment with the perovskite layer to reduce interfacial barriers. Protection against moisture/oxygen (some materials also provide encapsulation).
Key Optimization Strategies: Introduce an ultra-thin interfacial modification layer to reduce defect states; Precise control of HTL thickness and doping ratio; Enhance NiOx surface hydrophilicity to improve electrode contact.
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Go to Product CenterLaser Scribing P1
P1 scribing is performed after TCO deposition but before HTL deposition. It defines isolated conductive electrode structures and serves as alignment markers for subsequent P2/P3 scribing.
Positional Accuracy: Controlled within ±5 µm.
Dead Zone: The area between the outermost P1 and P3 lines.
Minimized by optimizing line width (≤50 µm) and spacing to reduce inactive regions.
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Go to Product CenterPerovskite Coating
The perovskite thin film is the most crucial component of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Its crystallinity directly affects photovoltaic properties such as light absorption, charge transport, and diffusion, making it a key factor in achieving highly efficient and stable PSCs. The preparation of perovskite films with smooth surfaces, uniform coverage, and high crystallographic orientation has long been a research focus in this field.
Typical thin-film fabrication methods include spin-coating, vapor deposition, blade-coating, spray-coating, and slot-die coating. The selection of perovskite coating processes requires a comprehensive balance of device requirements (e.g., area, flexibility, efficiency) and production scale (laboratory/industrial applications). With technological advancements, scalable processes such as slot-die coating and spray-coating are emerging as mainstream approaches for industrialization.
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Go to Product CenterCathode Buffer Layer
The perovskite cathode buffer layer (electron transport layer, ETL) is a critical component of perovskite solar cells, responsible for efficient electron extraction and suppression of charge recombination. Through three core strategies—band alignment, defect passivation, and interface engineering—the perovskite cathode buffer layer achieves a dynamic balance between high-efficiency electron transport and recombination inhibition.
Systematic optimization is required across four dimensions: material selection, process control, interface engineering, and device stability. For example, balancing band alignment, carrier mobility, and stability; achieving nanoscale thickness uniformity and surface passivation; enhancing charge transport efficiency via band gradient design and defect control; and combining encapsulation technology with material modification to overcome environmental adaptability limitations.
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Go to Product CenterLaser Scribing (P2, P3, P4)
P2 Laser Scribing:
Purpose: Etch HTL, perovskite, and ETL to expose the underlying TCO layer.
Structure: Substrate (FTO/ITO glass) → ETL → perovskite → HTL → P2-etched zone → back electrode (metal).
Challenges: Precise etch depth control (avoid TCO damage); minimize edge burrs/residues (prevents leakage/shorts).
P3 Laser Scribing:
Purpose: Remove back electrode, HTL, perovskite, and ETL to isolate sub-cells electrically.
Key: Maintain 10–50 μm spacing between P3 and P2 scribes to minimize dead zones and maximize active PV area.
P4 Laser Scribing (Edge Isolation):
Purpose: Strip ~10 mm edge films (HTL, perovskite, ETL) pre-encapsulation.
Benefits: Prevents edge leakage/shorts; reduces non-radiative losses; improves efficiency/stability; ensures clean edges for encapsulation.
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Go to Product CenterBack Electrode
The back electrode in perovskite solar cells is a key component that directly impacts charge transport efficiency, stability, and overall performance. Located at the bottom (depending on device architecture), it collects holes or electrons (depending on cell type) and conducts current through the external circuit.
Requirements for Back Electrode Materials:
High conductivity for efficient charge transport.
Chemical stability to prevent reactions with perovskite or transport layers.
Matched work function for optimal energy-level alignment with charge transport layers (e.g., HTL or ETL).
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Go to Product CenterEncapsulation and Testing
Perovskite materials are highly sensitive to moisture (hydrolysis), oxygen (oxidation), and UV light (photodegradation). Encapsulation is critical for ensuring device stability and longevity. Key objectives include: Multi-layer material and structural design to block environmental factors while maintaining high light transmittance and electrical performance. Mechanical robustness to withstand impacts.
For industrialization, comprehensive testing of material stability, encapsulation structure, and reliability is required to accelerate large-scale applications in the photovoltaic market.
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Go to Product CenterPerformance Testing
Photovoltaic Conversion Efficiency (PCE) is the most direct metric for evaluating a solar cell’s ability to convert light into electricity. It is measured under standard test conditions (STC), including AM 1.5G spectrum illumination (1000 W/m²) and controlled temperature (e.g., 25°C). By analyzing the current-voltage (J-V) curve of perovskite solar cells under STC, the PCE is calculated to assess overall performance.
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Go to Product CenterFast Delivery and Comprehensive Support
Provide end-to-end support from product to production line operation through on-site operation guidance and after-sales technical support.